Practice TEAS Science Test

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Protein. Proteins are macromolecules composed of amino acids, which always contain nitrogen in their structure. Amino acids have an amine group (-NH2), which is where the nitrogen is found. Fatty acids (choice A) do not contain nitrogen in their structure. Lipids (choice C) and carbohydrates (choice D) also do not contain nitrogen in their basic structure. Therefore, protein is the only macromolecule among the choices that will always contain nitrogen.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Insulin is the correct answer as it helps regulate blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells. Adrenaline, cortisol, and melatonin do not directly regulate blood sugar levels like insulin does. Adrenaline primarily affects the fight-or-flight response, cortisol is involved in stress response and metabolism, and melatonin regulates sleep-wake cycles. Insulin's role in blood sugar regulation is crucial for maintaining proper glucose levels in the body.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To absorb water and form feces. The large intestine mainly functions to absorb water from the indigestible food residue and solidify it into feces before excretion. This process helps in maintaining the body's fluid balance and preventing dehydration. Why the other choices are incorrect: A: The absorption of proteins primarily occurs in the small intestine, not the large intestine. C: Enzymes for digestion are produced in the pancreas and small intestine, not in the large intestine. D: Fat storage is mainly regulated by adipose tissue throughout the body, not the large intestine.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nucleus. The nucleus is responsible for storing genetic material in the form of DNA. It is surrounded by a nuclear membrane that helps protect and regulate the flow of genetic information. Mitochondria (A) are responsible for energy production, ribosomes (C) are involved in protein synthesis, and the endoplasmic reticulum (D) is involved in protein and lipid synthesis. Therefore, the nucleus is the organelle specifically designed for storing genetic material, making it the correct answer in this case.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Amygdala. The amygdala is responsible for processing emotions, emotional behavior, and motivation. It plays a crucial role in fear and pleasure responses. It also helps in memory consolidation of emotional events. The other choices, B: Cerebellum, C: Hypothalamus, and D: Pons, do not primarily govern emotions and motivation. The cerebellum is mainly involved in motor control, the hypothalamus regulates basic functions like hunger and thirst, and the pons controls sleep and arousal. Therefore, the amygdala is the correct answer for its specific role in emotions and motivation.