ati teas 7 science

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hydrogen bonding. Water molecules exhibit hydrogen bonding, where the partially positive hydrogen of one water molecule is attracted to the partially negative oxygen of another water molecule. This strong intermolecular force leads to the cohesive forces that create high surface tension in water. B: London dispersion forces are weaker and do not contribute significantly to water's high surface tension. C: Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons between atoms, not relevant to water's surface tension. D: Metallic bonding occurs in metals and is not related to the surface tension of water.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Alveoli. Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs during respiration. Oxygen from the air we breathe diffuses into the bloodstream, while carbon dioxide from the blood is released into the alveoli to be exhaled. The trachea (A) is a tube that carries air to and from the lungs, the bronchi (C) are branches of the trachea, and the diaphragm (D) is a muscle that helps with breathing but is not directly involved in gas exchange. Therefore, the alveoli are responsible for gas exchange in the respiratory system.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, the medium's properties. The speed of a wave in a given medium is determined by the properties of that medium, such as its density and elasticity. This affects how fast the wave can travel through the medium. Amplitude (A) is the height of a wave, which does not directly impact the speed of the wave. Wavelength (B) is the distance between two consecutive points of a wave, and while it can affect the wave's behavior, it does not solely determine its speed. Frequency (C) is the number of wave cycles that pass a point in a given time, which is related to speed but not the sole determinant. Therefore, the correct answer is D as the properties of the medium directly influence the speed of the wave.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Autoimmune disease. In autoimmune diseases, the immune system mistakenly targets healthy cells and tissues, causing inflammation and damage. This is due to a breakdown in self-tolerance mechanisms. Immunodeficiency (A) is the opposite, where the immune system is weakened. Allergy (C) is an immune response to harmless substances, not attacking healthy tissues. Cancer (D) involves uncontrolled cell growth, not immune system attacking healthy tissues.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Mitosis. Mitosis is the process by which a cell divides into two identical daughter cells. It involves several distinct phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the genetic material is equally distributed between the two daughter cells, ensuring genetic continuity. Explanation of other choices: A: Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. C: Fission is a general term for any process of cell division, which can refer to both mitosis and binary fission. D: Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction in prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, where the cell divides into two equal parts.