ATI TEAS 7 Science

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Polypeptide. Translation is the process in which mRNA is decoded by ribosomes to synthesize a specific polypeptide. During translation, transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring specific amino acids to the ribosome based on the mRNA codons, and these amino acids are joined together to form a polypeptide chain. The other choices are incorrect because translation does not result in the production of DNA (A), lipids (B), or carbohydrates (D). Translation specifically involves the synthesis of polypeptides, making choice C the correct answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Aorta. The aorta is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the body. This happens after the oxygenated blood leaves the left ventricle of the heart through the aortic valve. The aorta is the largest artery in the body and carries blood to all parts of the body, supplying oxygen and nutrients. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs. B: Left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body. C: Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Sunscreen protects the skin by absorbing UV rays and converting them to heat. This process prevents the UV rays from penetrating the skin and causing damage. Reflecting UV rays (A) would not be as effective as absorbing them. Blocking UV rays completely (C) is not possible with sunscreen. Stimulating melanin production (D) is not the main mechanism of how sunscreen works to protect the skin.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pulmonary artery. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation. This is a crucial step in the pulmonary circulation system. The pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart, so it does not transport blood from the heart to the lungs. The aorta is responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body, not to the lungs. The superior vena cava is a large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the heart, not to the lungs. Therefore, the pulmonary artery is the correct choice for transporting blood from the heart to the lungs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The primary function of the digestive system is to break down food into nutrients for absorption by the body. This process involves mechanical and chemical digestion to convert food into molecules that can be absorbed by the intestines. Option A is correct as it describes this essential function. Option B is incorrect because the absorption of oxygen primarily occurs in the respiratory system. Option C is incorrect as the production of energy is mainly attributed to the metabolic processes within cells. Option D is incorrect as the regulation of body temperature is primarily controlled by the thermoregulatory system, not the digestive system.