ATI TEAS 7 Science

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary function of the small intestine is to absorb nutrients from digested food. This process involves breaking down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream for energy and growth. The small intestine has villi and microvilli that increase its surface area for efficient nutrient absorption. Choice A is incorrect because the large intestine, not the small intestine, primarily absorbs water. Choice C is incorrect as the large intestine, not the small intestine, stores waste. Choice D is incorrect because while the small intestine does produce some enzymes, its primary role is nutrient absorption.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Insulin. Insulin is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells for energy production and storage. It helps lower blood sugar levels by promoting glucose utilization. Thyroxine (A) regulates metabolism, adrenaline (C) is involved in the fight-or-flight response, and cortisol (D) regulates stress response and metabolism, but they do not directly regulate blood sugar levels like insulin does.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The ability to maintain a stable internal environment. Homeostasis is the body's ability to regulate and maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes. This includes maintaining stable levels of temperature, pH, and nutrients. Choice A is incorrect because homeostasis is not solely about body temperature. Choice C is incorrect as it does not encompass the overall concept of homeostasis. Choice D is incorrect because although regulating blood glucose levels is part of homeostasis, it does not fully capture the broad scope of maintaining a stable internal environment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Skeletal. Skeletal muscles are responsible for voluntary movements because they are attached to bones and are under conscious control. They enable us to move our body parts intentionally. Smooth muscles (A) are involuntary and found in internal organs. Cardiac muscles (C) are also involuntary and specific to the heart. Option D simply defines a term and is not a type of muscle.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: One layer. Simple epithelium consists of a single layer of cells. This arrangement allows for efficient diffusion and absorption due to the short distance between cells and the underlying tissues. Option A is incorrect because epithelial tissue always has at least one layer. Option C is incorrect as it describes stratified epithelium, which has two or more layers. Option D is incorrect as it refers to stratified squamous epithelium, not simple epithelium.