ATI TEAS 7 Science

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: To regulate body functions through hormones. The endocrine system consists of glands that produce hormones to regulate various bodily functions like metabolism, growth, and reproduction. This system helps maintain homeostasis by communicating through chemical messengers. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as fighting infection is primarily the role of the immune system, oxygen transportation is done by the respiratory system, and food breakdown is the function of the digestive system.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, both transcription and translation. First, DNA undergoes transcription to produce mRNA, which carries the genetic information. Then, during translation, mRNA is used by ribosomes to synthesize proteins. Replication (A) is the process of copying DNA, not directly related to protein synthesis. Transcription (B) is the step where DNA is transcribed into mRNA. Translation (C) is the process where mRNA is translated into proteins. Therefore, both transcription and translation are essential steps in the flow of genetic information from DNA to protein.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Acceleration is defined as the rate of change of velocity over time. This means that acceleration measures how quickly an object's velocity is changing. By choosing answer A, "Change in velocity over time," you are correctly identifying the definition of acceleration. Choice B, "Speed in a straight line," is incorrect because speed does not take into account the change in velocity, which is vital in defining acceleration. Choice C, "Distance covered in a given time," is incorrect as it pertains to speed or distance traveled, not acceleration, which specifically relates to changes in velocity. Choice D, "Force applied to an object," is incorrect because force is a completely different concept in physics and is not directly related to the definition of acceleration.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Penicillins. Penicillins target the cell wall of bacteria by inhibiting the synthesis of peptidoglycan, a crucial component of the bacterial cell wall. This disrupts the integrity of the cell wall, leading to bacterial cell lysis. Tetracyclines (B), Macrolides (C), and Fluoroquinolones (D) target different bacterial components like protein synthesis or DNA replication, making them incorrect choices for this question.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Thyroxine. Thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that plays a key role in regulating metabolism. It controls the body's metabolic rate, impacting energy levels and weight. Adrenaline (A) is produced by the adrenal glands and is involved in the fight-or-flight response. Cortisol (C) is produced by the adrenal glands and is known as the stress hormone. Insulin (D) is produced by the pancreas and regulates blood sugar levels, not metabolism. Thyroxine directly influences metabolism, making it the correct choice.