ati teas 7 science

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Solar energy to electrical energy. Solar cells, also known as photovoltaic cells, convert sunlight (solar energy) directly into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. When sunlight hits the solar cell, photons from the sunlight are absorbed by the semiconducting material in the cell, creating an electric current. This process allows solar cells to generate electricity without moving parts or the need for any other energy sources. Explanation for other choices: A: Electrical energy to light energy - This is incorrect as solar cells do not convert electrical energy into light energy, but rather convert solar energy into electrical energy. B: Chemical energy to electrical energy - This is incorrect as solar cells do not involve any chemical reactions to produce electricity. C: Solar energy to thermal energy - This is incorrect as solar cells are designed to convert solar energy directly into electrical energy, not thermal energy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cardiac muscle. Cardiac muscle is found exclusively in the heart, allowing it to contract rhythmically and involuntarily to pump blood throughout the body. Smooth muscle (A) is found in organs like the intestines and blood vessels, not in the heart. Skeletal muscle (C) is attached to bones and responsible for voluntary movements, while voluntary muscle (D) is a general term that refers to skeletal muscle controlled voluntarily. Therefore, the unique characteristics of cardiac muscle make it the correct answer for this question.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Collagen. Collagen is a fibrous protein known for its structural role in connective tissues. It has a triple helix structure, providing strength and support to tissues. Insulin (A) is a hormone, not a fibrous protein. Keratin (B) is a structural protein found in hair and nails. Hemoglobin (C) is a globular protein responsible for oxygen transport in red blood cells. Therefore, collagen is the only fibrous protein among the choices.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: tRNA. Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis. tRNA has an anticodon that pairs with the mRNA codon, ensuring the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain. A: DNA carries genetic information but does not directly participate in protein synthesis. B: mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes but does not carry amino acids. C: rRNA is a structural component of ribosomes and helps in protein synthesis but does not carry amino acids to the ribosomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Atom. An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element. Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. A molecule (A) consists of two or more atoms bonded together. A compound (C) is a substance composed of two or more different elements chemically bonded. An element (D) is a pure substance made up of only one type of atom. Therefore, the smallest unit of matter is the atom.