ATI TEAS Practice Science Test

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The hypodermis is primarily composed of adipose tissue, which is a type of connective tissue. Adipose tissue serves as a layer of insulation and energy storage in the body. It helps regulate body temperature and provides cushioning for organs. Adipose tissue is the main component of the hypodermis, making choice A the correct answer. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the hypodermis is not primarily composed of regular connective tissue, epithelial tissue, or muscle tissue.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Artificial/active immunity. The MMR vaccine provides artificial immunity because it is a vaccine created in a laboratory rather than acquired naturally. It induces active immunity by stimulating the body to produce its antibodies against measles, mumps, and rubella. This type of immunity is long-lasting and provides protection by training the immune system to recognize and fight off these diseases in the future. Choice B (Artificial/passive) is incorrect because passive immunity involves receiving pre-formed antibodies rather than activating the immune system to produce its antibodies, which is the case with the MMR vaccine. Choice C (Natural/active) is incorrect because natural immunity is acquired through exposure to the actual disease, not through vaccination. Choice D (Natural/passive) is incorrect because natural passive immunity is passed from mother to baby through breast milk or placenta, not through vaccination.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bottom of the uterus. The cervix is the lower narrow end of the uterus that connects to the top of the vagina. It serves as a passage for menstrual blood to exit the body and for sperm to enter the uterus. The other choices are incorrect because the cervix is not located at the top of the uterus (A), top of the ovaries (B), or bottom of the vagina (C). Understanding the anatomical structure and function of the female reproductive system is key to selecting the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because endocrine glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream. Therefore, an extensive network of blood vessels is necessary to facilitate the direct release of hormones into the blood for systemic circulation. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Filtering waste from the blood is the function of the kidneys, not the endocrine glands. C: Blood does not "empty" into the endocrine system; rather, hormones are released into the bloodstream. D: Endocrine glands do not filter waste; instead, they produce and release hormones into the blood for various physiological functions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it specifically refers to the process of selective permeability by stating that sodium ions must travel through ion channels to enter the cell. This demonstrates that the cell membrane allows certain substances to pass through while blocking others. Receptors on the cell's surface (A) and cell communication (B) are related to cell function but do not directly confirm selective permeability. Environmental changes affecting cell size (C) are more about cell response than membrane permeability. In summary, choice D is correct because it directly addresses the concept of selective permeability, while the other choices do not provide direct evidence of this property.