ATI TEAS Practice Science Test

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Aluminum has 13 electrons. 2. Based on the electron configuration rule (2n^2), the first shell can hold 2 electrons, the second shell can hold 8 electrons, and the third shell can hold 3 electrons. 3. Therefore, in a neutral aluminum atom, electrons are typically distributed as follows: 2 in the first shell, 8 in the second shell, and 3 in the third shell. 4. Choice C correctly reflects this electron distribution, making it the correct answer. Summary: A: Incorrect because it does not follow the electron configuration rule for aluminum. B: Incorrect as it does not distribute electrons according to the electron capacity of each shell in an aluminum atom. D: Incorrect because it does not match the electron distribution based on the electron configuration rule for aluminum.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Oxygen. 1. Oxygen has 8 electrons in total, with 2 in the first shell and 6 in the second shell, following the 2-8-8 electron configuration rule. 2. Beryllium has 4 electrons with 2 in the first shell and 2 in the second shell. 3. Carbon has 6 electrons with 2 in the first shell and 4 in the second shell. 4. Helium has 2 electrons, filling the first shell. Therefore, Oxygen is the only element among the choices that fits the description of having 2 electrons in the first shell and 6 electrons in the second shell.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Smallpox. Smallpox was eradicated through a global vaccination campaign led by the World Health Organization. This disease was declared eradicated in 1980 due to the success of mass vaccination programs. AIDS (A) is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and does not have a vaccine. Diabetes type 1 (C) and rheumatoid arthritis (D) are chronic conditions that cannot be eliminated through vaccination programs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cranial and spinal. The dorsal cavity is divided into two subdivisions: the cranial cavity, which contains the brain, and the spinal cavity, which houses the spinal cord. This division corresponds to the anatomical locations of these structures within the back of the human body. Explanation: 1. The cranial cavity is located in the skull, specifically protecting the brain. 2. The spinal cavity runs through the vertebral column, safeguarding the spinal cord. 3. These subdivisions are anatomically and functionally distinct, housing vital components of the central nervous system. Summary: B: Dorsal and ventral - Incorrect. Dorsal and ventral refer to the front and back sides of the body, not specific cavities within the back. C: Lateral and proximal - Incorrect. Lateral and proximal describe directions in relation to the body, not cavities within the back. D: Inferior and superior - Incorrect. Inferior and superior

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ribcage. The ribcage is a bony structure that surrounds and protects the lungs. It consists of ribs, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae, forming a protective cage around the vital organs in the thoracic cavity. The ribs provide a barrier against external forces and help maintain the shape and integrity of the lungs. The other choices are incorrect because the femur is a bone in the leg, the scapula is a bone in the shoulder, and the skull protects the brain, not the lungs.