Practice Science TEAS Test

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Arteries. Arteries carry blood away from the heart because they have thick, muscular walls that can withstand the high pressure of blood being pumped by the heart. Arterioles are smaller branches of arteries, not the main vessels carrying blood away from the heart. Veins carry blood back to the heart, while venules are small vessels that collect blood from capillaries. Thus, the correct choice is arteries as they are specifically designed to carry blood away from the heart with their unique structure and function.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Circulatory system. The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. The respiratory system (A) is responsible for gas exchange, the nervous system (C) transmits signals, and the digestive system (D) processes food. The circulatory system is specifically designed for the transportation of blood, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver. The liver is responsible for producing bile, which helps in the digestion and absorption of fats. It is stored in the gallbladder (not produced by it), which releases it into the small intestine when needed. The pancreas produces digestive enzymes and insulin, not bile. The stomach produces gastric juices, not bile. In summary, the liver is the primary organ responsible for bile production, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Small intestine. The small intestine is responsible for absorbing nutrients due to its large surface area lined with villi and microvilli, which increase absorption capacity. It also contains enzymes and bile to further break down and facilitate nutrient absorption. The other choices are incorrect because the esophagus is a tube that transports food to the stomach, the stomach mainly digests food using acid and enzymes, and the large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes, not nutrients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because DNA is indeed read 5' to 3', not 3' to 5'. This directionality is essential for DNA replication and protein synthesis. Choice A is correct as DNA contains A, T, C, G nucleotides and is read 5' to 3'. Choice B is correct as DNA carries genetic information and forms chromosomes with proteins. Choice D is correct as DNA is double-stranded with hydrogen bonds holding the two strands together.