Science TEAS Practice Test

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Esophagus. The esophagus is not part of the respiratory system as it is involved in the digestive system, not in the process of breathing. The trachea, bronchi, and larynx are all essential components of the respiratory system responsible for the passage of air into and out of the lungs. The trachea connects the larynx to the bronchi, which further divide into smaller airways to reach the lungs. The larynx contains the vocal cords and plays a role in speech production. In summary, the esophagus is the only choice that is not directly involved in the respiratory system's functions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: A gene. A gene is the smallest unit that can encode for a trait because it is a specific sequence of nucleotides in the DNA that provides instructions for a particular trait or function. Genes determine our physical characteristics and traits. A codon (choice A) is a sequence of three nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid in protein synthesis, not a complete trait. A nucleotide (choice C) is the basic building block of DNA, but it is not capable of encoding for a trait on its own. A chromosome (choice D) is made up of DNA and contains multiple genes, so it is not the smallest unit that can encode for a trait.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Thymine. Thymine is a nucleobase that exists in DNA, not RNA. RNA contains Uracil instead of Thymine. This is due to a different chemical structure in RNA which lacks the methyl group present in Thymine. Uracil pairs with Adenine in RNA, while Thymine pairs with Adenine in DNA. Choices A, C, and D (Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine) are all nucleobases found in RNA, making them incorrect answers.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Adipose. Adipose tissue is a type of connective tissue that stores fat, not a type of muscle tissue. Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac tissues are the three main types of muscle tissue. Skeletal muscles are attached to bones, smooth muscles are found in organs and blood vessels, and cardiac muscles are specific to the heart. Adipose tissue does not have the contractile properties of muscle tissue, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tachycardia. Tachycardia is a condition where the heart rate is abnormally fast, typically above 100 bpm. In this case, with a heart rate of 118 bpm, it falls under tachycardia. Explanation: 1. Tachycardia refers to an elevated heart rate, which is present in this scenario. 2. Apnea is the absence of breathing, not related to heart rate. 3. Bradycardia is a condition where the heart rate is too slow, typically below 60 bpm. 4. Tachypnea is rapid breathing, not related to heart rate. In summary, tachycardia is the correct term for a heart rate of 118 bpm, making the other options incorrect due to their associations with different physiological functions.