HESI A2
HESI A2 Version 1 Anatomy and Physiology Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which type of cholesterol is considered the healthiest?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is considered the healthiest type of cholesterol because it helps remove LDL cholesterol from the arteries, reducing the risk of heart disease. HDL acts as a scavenger, picking up excess cholesterol in the blood and transporting it back to the liver for removal from the body. This is why HDL is often referred to as 'good' cholesterol, emphasizing its protective role in cardiovascular health.
Question 2 of 5
A tissue examined under the microscope exhibits the following characteristics: cells found on the internal surface of the stomach, no extracellular matrix, cells are tall and thin, and no blood vessels are present in the tissue. What type of tissue is this?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Epithelial. Epithelial tissue is characterized by tightly packed cells that line the surfaces and cavities of organs. The description provided matches the characteristics of epithelial tissue, such as being found on internal surfaces like the stomach lining, having tall and thin cells, lacking an extracellular matrix, and not containing blood vessels. Connective tissue, muscle tissue, and cartilage do not match the described characteristics.
Question 3 of 5
What is the name of the process in the lungs by which oxygen is transported from the air to the blood?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, diffusion. Diffusion is the process by which oxygen moves from an area of high concentration (in the air) to an area of low concentration (in the blood) through the alveoli in the lungs. Osmosis involves the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane, not oxygen molecules. Dissipation refers to the dispersal or scattering of something. Reverse osmosis is a process used in water purification, which is not relevant to the transport of oxygen in the lungs.
Question 4 of 5
When drawing blood from the antecubital region, which vessel is used?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following hormones are tropic hormones? (Select one that doesn't apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tropic hormones are hormones that stimulate the release of other hormones from target endocrine glands. Somatotropin (A) is growth hormone from the anterior pituitary that acts directly on tissues. Follicle-stimulating hormone (B) and Thyroid-stimulating hormone (D) are tropic hormones that act on the gonads and thyroid gland, respectively, to stimulate the production of other hormones. Antidiuretic hormone (C) is not a tropic hormone; it regulates water balance by acting on the kidneys to reduce water excretion.