HESI A2
HESI A2 Version 1 Anatomy and Physiology Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following hormones decreases the concentration of blood glucose?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin is the hormone responsible for decreasing the concentration of blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake and storage of glucose in cells. When blood glucose levels rise, insulin is released to help cells absorb excess glucose, thereby lowering its concentration in the bloodstream. Glucagon, growth hormone, and glucocorticoids, in contrast, all play roles in increasing blood glucose levels through different mechanisms.
Question 2 of 5
Which structure of the nervous system carries action potentials in the direction of a synapse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is the axon. The axon is a long, slender projection of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons, muscles, or glands. Action potentials travel along the axon to the axon terminals where they lead to the release of neurotransmitters at the synapse, allowing communication with other neurons or target cells. The cell body contains the nucleus and organelles of the neuron but does not transmit action potentials. Neurons are the functional unit of the nervous system composed of the cell body, dendrites, and axon. Myelin is a fatty substance that surrounds and insulates axons, helping to speed up the transmission of nerve impulses but does not carry action potentials towards the synapse.
Question 3 of 5
When drawing blood from the antecubital region, which vessel is used?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Question 4 of 5
Which structure is located on the sternum?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is the Xiphoid bone. The xiphoid process is a small cartilaginous extension at the lower end of the sternum. The Sesamoid bone is a small bone embedded within a tendon, typically found in joints. The Hyoid bone is a U-shaped bone in the neck that does not articulate with any other bone. 'Ossified' means turned into bone or hardened, but it does not specifically refer to a structure located on the sternum.
Question 5 of 5
When assessing a female patient who describes herself as a strict vegetarian, the nurse notes that she has a yellow tone to her skin. The nurse should ask the client if she has eaten large amounts of which foods?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: